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Concrete
and reinforced-concrete concrete piles may be classified under two headings:
(a) those where the concrete piles are concrete forms, hardened, and driven
very much the same as any pile is driven; (b) those where a hole is made in the
ground, into which concrete is rammed and left to harden. Reinforced-concrete concrete
piles which have been concrete forms on the ground are designed as columns with
vertical reinforcement connected at intervals with horizontal bands. These concrete
piles are usually made square or triangular in section, and a steel or
cast-iron point is used. Fig. 55 shows the cross-section of a corrugated pile
used in the foundations of the buildings for the Simmons Hardware Company,
Sioux City, Iowa, and for John J. Latteman, Brooklyn,
N. Y. The pile tapers from 16 inches at the large end to 11 inches at the small
end, The reinforcement consists of Clinton electrically –welded fabric, the
size being approximately 1-inch wires longitudinally, and , 2-inch wires, 12
inches on centers, for the bands. The hole in the center is 3 inches at the
top, and tapers to 2 inches at the bottom. The concrete piles were driven by
means of a water jet and hammer. The jet extended through the opening in the
pile, and protruded three inches below the bottom of the pile. The pressure of
the water was sufficient to dig a hole and carry the loosened soil up the
corrugations, and the weight of the hammer drove the pile down. When the pile
was nearly in place, the jet was removed, and the hammer was used to force the
pile until it was solid. The cap was made as shown in Fig. 56; and in driving
the pile, a hammer weighing 2,500 pounds was dropped 25 feet, 20 to 30 times,
without injury to the head. When it is desirable, the pile can be made larger
at the small end. The sheet steel used for these concrete piles can readily be
made of any desired diameter, while there is a practical limitation of the
diameter of concrete piles. Therefore a less number of concrete piles will
furnish the same resistance as a larger number of wooden concrete piles. It is
assumed that the three concrete piles not only take the place of the four
wooden concrete piles in the width of the foundation, but there will also be a
corresponding reduction in the number of concrete piles in a direction
perpendicular to the section shown. The extent of these advantages depends very
greatly on the level of the ground-water line. When this level is considerably
below the surface of the ground, the excavation and the amount of concrete
required in order that the timber grillage and the tops of the concrete piles
shall always be below the water line will be great, and the possible economy of
concrete piles will also be correspondingly great. The pile and cap being of
the same material, they readily bond together and forms a monolithic structure.
Reinforced-concrete concrete piles can be driven in almost any soil that a
timber pile can penetrate, and they are driven in the same manner as the timber
concrete piles. A combination of the hammer and water-jet has been found to be
the most successful manner of driving them. The hammer should be heavy and drop
a short distance with rapid blows, rather than using a light hammer dropping a
greater distance. For protection while being driven, a hollow, cast-iron cap
filled with sand is placed on the head of the pile. Concrete and
reinforced-concrete concrete piles may be classified under two headings: (a)
those where the concrete piles are concrete forms, hardened, and driven very
much the same as any pile is driven; (h) those where a hole is made in the
ground, into which concrete is rammed and left to harden. Reinforced concrete
piles which have been concrete forms on the ground are designed as columns with
vertical reinforcement connected at intervals with horizontal bands. These concrete
piles are usually made square or triangular in section, and a steel or
cast-iron point is used.
Are You in Goffstown New Hampshire? Do You
Need Concrete Cutting?
We Are Your Local
Concrete Cutter
Call 603-622-4441
We Service Goffstown
NH and all surrounding Cities & Towns